National Technical University of Athens

School of Mechanical Engineering

Thermal Engineering Section
 

 Laboratory of Steam Boilers and Thermal Plants (LSBTP)

 

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THIRD PARTY SERVICES

The Laboratory participates as Third Party in acceptance testing of various industrial facilities:

- Acceptance tests of the thermal power plant Agios Demetrios V.
- Acceptance tests of Lavrion IV, Combined cycle power plant.
- Acceptance tests of the thermal power plant Florina.
- Acceptance tests of the units 3 and 4 (2x50 MW) of the thermal power  plant Atherinolakkos-Crete.
- Acceptance tests of the Gas Turbines (2x124 MW) of the Co-generation Unit in Aluminium of Greece.
- Acceptance tests of the Dual fuel Boiler (110 t/h) of the Co-generation Unit in Aluminium of Greece.

 

NOTIFIED BODY FOR BOILER CERTIFICATION

Under the ministerial Decision and approval 12487/179 (governmental issue 414/B/31-5-1996), the Laboratory of Steam Boilers and Thermal Plants has been recognized as a Notified Body (with acknowledged number CE 0617) of checking and certifying hot water boilers.

The Laboratory operates in the area of the of Steam Boilers and Thermal Plants of the Thermal Engineering section of the Mechanical Engineering department of the National Technical University of Athens, suitably equipped as a hot water boiler testing laboratory. Trials on boilers of liquid and gaseous fuel with a maximum thermal power of 400 kW may take place with the existing installation. 

Test Procedures. The Laboratory has been upgraded so as to operate according to the European norm EN 45001 and has the abillity to make the trials and tests of the boiler-burner system according to the 92/42/EC (5/21/1992) guidance of the European Union , the Presidential Orders P.O.335/16-8-93 governmental issue 143/A/2-9-93 and P.O.59/21-2-95 governmental issue 46/A/27-2-95 and the European norms EN 304/92 & EN 304/95, ΕN 303-2/92 & EN 303-2/94 and EN 267/91 & EN 267/96.

Type of supplied services. According to this recognition the Laboratory makes the following works for the certification of the efficiency of new hot water boilers supplied with liquid fuels:

Unit B: EC type Examination Certificate (P.O. Appendix III)

  • Checking of Technical Document

  • Carrying out of trials and verification of the predictions and the sufficiency of the Technical Document

  • Issue of EC type examination certificate  

Unit C: EC Declaration of Conformity to type (P.O. 335, Appendix IV)

  • Carrying out on-site random checks on the appliances, at intervals of one year or less. Either adequate number of appliances will be examined and appropriate tests will be set out in the applicable standards referred to in Article S of Dir. 92/42 or equivalent tests will be carried out in order to ensure the conformity of the appliances to the type as described on the EC type-examination certificate and with the requirements of this Directive which apply to them.

  • Providing of the CE Certificate of Conformity.

Till today (November '98) and according to the P.O. 335, the Laboratory has already performed 94 checks of hot water boilers (EC type Examination Certificate) for 18 industries and has supplied the CE certificate of conformity to 15 series of boilers for 12 industries.

Measured values. For the estimation of the useful heat output, the thermal efficiency of a hot water boiler as well as for the analysis of the composition of its exhaust gases, the testing Laboratory is equipped with modern recording apparatus, which take down the testing evolution in detail. For that scope the following measures take place:

    1    Temperatures in (ΊC)

  • Flow temperature of water Ta (Boiler Outlet)

  • Return temperature of water Te (Boiler Inlet)

  • Temperature of cold supplementary water Tk

  • Temperature of the exhaust gas TGa

  • Temperature of the boiler walls Tm

  • Fuel Temperature Tb

  • Temperature of the surrounding area T0

    2    Pressures:

  • Operating pressure of the boiler (bar)

  • Pressure of the combustion chamber at the beginning of the burner's ignition in (mbar) (starting test)

  • Flue gas draught pressure Pk in (mmWS)

  • Flue gas resistance PG in (mmWS)

  • Water pressure drop in the boiler in (mmWS)

  • Pressure of the Gaseous fuel in (mbar)

  • Ambient pressure P0 in (mmHg)

    3    Supplies:

  • Water flow rate, measured by weighing the quantity of the passing water through the weighing pot at an accuracy of 100 gr.

  • Fuel flow rate:

i) Supply of the boiler with liquid fuel (light diesel). The measurement of the liquid fuel supply is made by weighing its mass at a weighing device with an accuracy of 1 gr.

ii) Supply of the boiler with gaseous fuel.

The measurement of the gaseous fuel volume is made with the special counter Krom schroder DM 25 R 40 at an accuracy of ±1%. After the special gas counter, temperature and pressure measurement takes place.

Since the Public Natural Gas Corporation gas composition and calorific value fluctuate, sampling followed by analytical determination of this composition and calorific value takes place in every test. The determination takes place according to ASTM D3588 at the Laboratory for Fuels and Lubricants of N.T.U.A. 

    4    Flue gas emissions:

  • Flue gas content in O2 (Vol - %).

  • Flue gas content in CO2 (Vol - %).

  • Flue gas content in  CO (Vol - ppm)

  • Flue gas content in  SO2 (mg/m3)

  • Flue gas content in N2O (Vol - ppm)

  • Flue gas content in NOx per volume

  • Flue gas content in CxOy per volume

  • Soot level according to Bacharah

  • Soot level according to Ringelman

 Calculated values

  • Boiler useful nominal heat output

  • Boiler efficiency at the nominal load

  • Analysis of the flue gas quality

  • Boiler efficiency at partial load

  • Determination of the standby losses

  • Excess air ratio

 		     

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OTHER ACTIVITIES

Hot water heating boilers design: Design of new cast-iron and steel heating boilers.

Oil fuel combustion additives tests: Several tests of oil fuel combustion additives have been carried out in order to investigate the combustion characteristics improvement. These tests were performed in the 2.5 MWth boiler, as well as in central heating boilers. The additives were examined in Diesel and Heavy oil fuels.

Cooperation with the Hellenic Standardisation Organisation (ELOT):The Laboratory co-operated with ELOT for many years in testing boilers. During that cooperation the Laboratory made 118 checkings for 40 greek industries. Also, it has been participating in technical scientific committees of ELOT for the assessment of several patterns.

Eidgenossische Materialprüfungs und Forschungsanstalt (EMPA):
The Laboratory has been assessed at the basis of Swiss specifications and has been recognised as an official tester for boiler certification of the public Swiss organisation EMPA. 

Cooperation with the Hellenic Register of Shipping S.A. and the TÜV Hellas (RW TUV) S.A: The Laboratory has a direct cooperation with other hot water boiler certification carriers and is functioning as a Laboratory of checking boilers for the Hellenic Register of Shipping and the TÜV of Hellas (RW TUV) S.A.

Cooperation with Hellenic and foreign industries:
The Laboratory has cooperated with big Hellenic boiler manufacturing industries. The design and construction of new products as well as the checking of various boiler segments which are already commercially provided (in order to enhance the energy performance) are of the main work supplies of the Laboratory. This takes place in the framework of research and development of the Hellenic boiler constructing industries such as KAZIS S.A., MAVIL S.A.. The industries have significant and often cooperation with the Laboratory via respective industrial research projects.
The Laboratory has also been active in making technical studies for solving several industrial problems such as: ''Study for the energy performance grade and the general function of open heating furnaces of the VIET S.A. "-1986, "Proposals for the enhancement of the AEOLIKI S.A.energy production and consumption systems."-1987,
"Study on the efficiency and best enhancement of the ATHENIAN BREWERY S.A. steam boilers"-1988.
It has also assessed the pyrolytic furnaces constructed by BEK S.A. and has cooperated with VIOLIP in the framework of checking the combustion additives produced by this industry.
It has investigated the efficiency improvement in burning several chemical fuel additives produced by industries such as the ETHYL of England, the T+T Enterprises LTD, the SAT/CHEMIE and the CHEMO.

Cooperation with Public Services: Technical studies for Public Services such as:
- The "Study on anticorrosive protection of the steam boilers of the Ministry of Presidency"-1991.
- Assessments of fuel additives for the Public Petroleum Industry".
- The study for the evolvement of a panhellenic system for measuring and controlling the central heating gaseous emissions (with the possibility of making them timely) for the Ministry of Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works.

 

Other projects - activities:

"Advancement of implementation of the Regulation 1836/93 in the Greek industry: Pilot implementation and information dissemination events", (EEC-DGXI)(1994-1996).

"Evaluation of the lignite industry of the enlarged EU", (EC-DGXVII/B.01/01 lignite) (1996).

Monitoring and evaluation of Tacis projects (DGIa- DGXVII).

Evaluation of Thermie B proposals (DGXVII - 6.7151/T/96-010).

see also "Research"